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Huck's Defeat
Huck's Defeat or the Battle of Williamson's Plantation was an engagement of the American Revolutionary War that occurred in present York County, South Carolina on July 12, 1780, and was one of the first battles of the southern campaign to be won by Patriot militia.
==Background==
In May 1780, the British captured the only significant American army in the South at Charleston, South Carolina and quickly occupied four vital courthouse towns: Camden, Cheraw, Georgetown, and Ninety Six. Believing the Whigs had been crushed in South Carolina, Sir Henry Clinton abrogated the terms of surrender, which had allowed parolees to remain neutral for the remainder of the war. Under terms of the proclamation of June 3, 1780, Patriots or Whigs (as they were commonly known) were compelled to either take an oath of loyalty to the king or be regarded as "rebels and enemies of their country." Clinton then departed for New York, leaving Lieutenant General Charles, Earl Cornwallis in command of the British army in the South.〔Michael C. Scoggins, ''The Day It Rained Militia: Huck's Defeat and the Revolution in the South Carolina Backcountry, May–July 1780'' (Charleston: History Press, 2005), 41-50; Walter Edgar, ''Partisans and Redcoats: The Southern Conflict That Turned the Tide of the American Revolution'' (New York: HarperCollins, 2001), 54-55.〕
In the absence of civil government in South Carolina (Governor John Rutledge had fled to North Carolina when Charleston fell), backcountry Whigs selected their own leaders to continue the fight against the "senseless cruelty of the Tory militia" and the "cruel and contemptuous treatment of the populace" by British Legion commander Lieutenant Colonel Banastre Tarleton.〔Edgar, 69-71, 159.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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